Wilson's disease is characterized by the accumulation of which metal in the body?

Wilson's disease is a genetic disorder that leads to the excessive accumulation of copper in the body. This condition is caused by a mutation in the ATP7B gene, which is responsible for the transport and excretion of copper from the liver. When this gene is defective, copper cannot be properly removed from the body, resulting in its buildup, particularly in the liver, brain, and other vital organs.

The presence of excessive copper can lead to a range of symptoms, including liver dysfunction, neurological issues, and psychiatric disturbances. Proper diagnosis often involves measuring copper levels in the blood and urine, as well as liver function tests. Treatment typically involves the use of chelating agents or zinc to help lower copper levels.

The other options do not accurately reflect the underlying pathology of Wilson's disease. Iodine, iron, and lead are associated with different medical conditions and toxicities, but it is copper that uniquely characterizes Wilson's disease and is at the core of its pathology.