What serious complication can arise from splenomegaly in infectious mononucleosis?

Infectious mononucleosis, often caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, commonly leads to splenomegaly, which is an enlargement of the spleen. An important complication that can arise from this condition is splenic rupture. The spleen becomes enlarged and more vascular during infectious mononucleosis, making it more susceptible to trauma. Even minor injury can result in splenic rupture, which is a life-threatening emergency that can cause significant internal bleeding.

The splenic tissue is sensitive and can be easily damaged when inflamed and enlarged, leading to the risk of a rupture during physical activities or even spontaneously. Recognizing the potential seriousness of this complication is crucial for proper patient management and educating individuals with infectious mononucleosis to avoid activities that could lead to such injury.

Other complications, like hematoma, thrombosis, or hemophilia, are not direct consequences linked to splenomegaly in this context. Hematoma could be a result of trauma or rupture but is not as specific in relation to infectious mononucleosis, while thrombosis and hemophilia pertain to different pathophysiological processes not typically associated with splenomegaly in this condition.