What is the main purpose of silver nitrate in the treatment of epistaxis?

Silver nitrate is primarily used in the treatment of epistaxis, or nosebleeds, because of its cauterizing properties. When silver nitrate is applied to the bleeding site in the nasal mucosa, it reacts with the tissue and produces a chemical burn that effectively seals the blood vessels, thereby reducing bleeding. This mechanism is particularly beneficial in cases where traditional methods of managing epistaxis have failed or are not appropriate.

While reducing inflammation, promoting healing, and facilitating drainage are important considerations in various medical contexts, they do not directly address the immediate need to stop the active bleeding that occurs during an epistaxis episode. The primary and most critical function of silver nitrate in this scenario is its ability to induce cauterization, leading to rapid hemostasis.