What is a risk factor for ischemic heart disease?

Ischemic heart disease, often characterized by narrowed arteries that reduce blood flow to the heart, has various risk factors associated with its development. Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a significant risk factor for ischemic heart disease because it can lead to damage of the arterial walls, promoting atherosclerosis, where plaque builds up in the arteries. This condition strictly correlates with an increased workload on the heart, elevating the risk of heart-related complications.

In contrast, high physical activity, low cholesterol, and a high intake of fruits and vegetables are generally associated with a reduced risk of heart disease. Regular physical activity strengthens the heart muscle, lowers blood pressure, improves cholesterol levels, and helps manage weight, all of which counteract the chances of developing ischemic heart disease. Therefore, while hypertension directly contributes to the conditions leading to ischemic heart disease, high physical activity and healthy dietary habits, such as low cholesterol and high fruit and vegetable intake, are protective factors that reduce risk.