Patau syndrome is characterized by which chromosomal makeup?

Patau syndrome, also known as trisomy 13, is characterized by the presence of an extra chromosome 13 in addition to the usual pair of chromosomes. This results in a chromosomal makeup of 47 chromosomes total, specifically denoted as 47, XX, +13 in females or 47, XY, +13 in males. The "+13" indicates the extra chromosome 13, which is the defining feature of Patau syndrome.

Individuals with Patau syndrome often exhibit severe developmental delays, multiple congenital anomalies, and various physical abnormalities. The presence of the extra chromosome leads to the disorders and features associated with the syndrome.

Other choices present different chromosomal abnormalities unrelated to Patau syndrome. For instance, 45, X0 is associated with Turner syndrome, 47, XXY is related to Klinefelter syndrome, and 47, XXX is linked to Triple X syndrome. Each of these conditions arises from different mechanisms involving chromosomal number and structure, thus establishing the distinct characteristics of those syndromes as opposed to Patau syndrome.